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the soul is spread throughout all the members of the body

  • 1 σπείρω

    σπείρω fut. σπερῶ LXX; 1 aor. ἔσπειρα; pf. 2 sg. ἔσπαρκας. Pass.: fut. 3 sg. σπαρήσεται LXX; 2 aor. ἐσπάρην; pf. ptc. ἐσπαρμένος (Hes., Hdt.+).
    ⓐ lit.
    α. abs., opp. θερίζω Mt 6:26; Lk 12:24.—Mt 13:3b, 4; Mk 4:3b, 4; Lk 8:5c. ὁ σπείρων a sower Mt 13:3a (cp. Cicero, Tusc. Disp. 2, 5 [13]); Mk 4:3a; Lk 8:5a; 2 Cor 9:10 (Is 55:10); 1 Cl 24:5. Also ὁ σπείρας Mt 13:18. On the sower in the parable: UHolzmeister, Verb. Dom. 22, ’42, 8–12; KGrayston, ET 55, ’44, 138f; SFinlayson, ibid. 306f; DHaugg, TQ 127, ’47, 60–81; 166–204.
    β. w. acc. of what is sown (X., Oec. 14, 5) 1 Cor 15:36, 37ab; (τὸ) καλὸν σπέρμα Mt 13:24, 27, 37. τὸν σπόρον Lk 8:5b. ζιζάνια Mt 13:39. Pass. Mk 4:32.
    γ. w. indication of the place in which or on which someth. is sown (Pla., Leg. 8, 7, 838e εἰς πέτρας κ. λίθους σπ.) εἰς τὰς ἀκάνθας Mt 13:22; Mk 4:18. Also ἐπὶ τὰς ἀκ. 4:18 v.l. ἐν τῷ ἀγρῷ sow in the field Mt 13:24, 31. ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς Mk 4:31 (ApcSed 3:4). ἐπὶ τὰ πετρώδη 4:16; Mt 13:20. ἐπὶ τὴν καλὴν γῆν vs. 23; cp. Mk 4:20 (opp. w. acc. Did., Gen. 218, 4; on the problem of identity s. PPayne, NTS 26, 564–68). παρὰ τὴν ὁδόν Mt 13:19b (GDalman, Viererlei Acker: PJ 22, 1926, 120–32; gener. Dalman, Arbeit II: D. Ackerbau ’32). But in these passages the lit. usage is already passing over into the metaphorical yet w. the idea of sowing at the forefront.
    ⓑ in imagery and metaph.
    α. in proverbial expressions based on the contrast θερίζειν … σπείρειν (cp. θερίζω 2a and ἐπί 5) of appropriating the fruits of another’s labor, without doing any work θερίζων ὅπου οὐκ ἔσπειρας Mt 25:24, 26. Cp. Lk 19:21f. ἄλλος ἐστὶν ὁ σπείρων καὶ ἄλλος ὁ θερίζων J 4:37. The harvest corresponds to what is sown (Hes., Fgm. 174 Rz.; εἰ κακὰ σπείραις, κακὰ κέρδεά κʼ ἀμήσαιο; TestLevi 13:6; Gr Bar 15:2 οἱ γὰρ καλῶς σπείραντες καὶ καλῶ ἐπισυνάγουσιν) ὸ̔ ἐὰν σπείρῃ ἄνθρωπος, τοῦτο καὶ θερίσει Gal 6:7; cp. vs. 8ab (here the ‘field’ is given w. εἰς τὴν σάρκα or τὸ πνεῦμα); 2 Cor 9:6ab.
    β. The word of God, the gospel et al. are sown (Herm. Wr. 1, 29 ἔσπειρα αὐτοῖς τοὺς τῆς σοφίας λόγους) ὁ σπείρων τὸν λόγον σπείρει Mk 4:14; cp. (Orig., C. Cels. 4, 9, 6) vs. 15ab; Mt 13:19a; J 4:36. τὰ πνευματικά 1 Cor 9:11. The κακὴ διδαχή of the false teachers IEph 9:1ab (cp. AscIs 2:4 τῇ ἀνομίᾳ ἥτις ἐσπάρη ἐν Ἱερουσαλήμ).
    γ. μὴ σπείρητε ἐπʼ ἀκάνθαις B 9:5 (Jer 4:3). καρπὸς δικαιοσύνης ἐν εἰρήνῃ σπείρεται τοῖς ποιοῦσιν εἰρήνην Js 3:18 (σπ. καρπόν as Antiphanes 228, 4; Paus. 1, 14, 2).
    δ. The body after burial is compared to a seed-grain, for in the resurrection it comes forth fr. the earth. This is the background of the contrast σπείρειν … ἐγείρειν 1 Cor 15:42–44.
    ② scatter, disperse (Hdt. et al.; also AscIs 2:4 [s. 1bβ]) ἔσπαρται κατὰ πάντων τῶν τοῦ σώματος μελῶν ἡ ψυχή the soul is spread throughout all the members of the body Dg 6:2.—B. 505.—DELG. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > σπείρω

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